C1 · CEFR
C1 irregular verbs
These are the 30 irregular verbs at CEFR level C1 (advanced) in the Irregular Verbs app. Learn their three forms: the base form, the past simple and the past participle. Choose a verb for its meaning and an example sentence.
| Base form | Past simple | Past participle | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| alight | alit | alit | Descend from a train, bus, or other form of transport. |
| arise | arose | arisen | (Of a problem, opportunity, or situation) emerge; become apparent. |
| awake | awoke | awoken | Stop sleeping; wake from sleep. |
| bear | bore | born or borne | Carry the weight of; support. |
| behold | beheld | beheld | See or observe (a thing or person, especially a remarkable or impressive one). |
| clothe | clad | clad | Put clothes on (oneself or someone); dress. |
| dwell | dwelt | dwelt | Live in or at a specified place. |
| flee | fled | fled | Run away from a place or situation of danger. |
| fling | flung | flung | Throw or hurl forcefully. |
| grind | ground | ground | Reduce (something) to small particles or powder by crushing it. |
| seek | sought | sought | Attempt to find (something). |
| shed | shed | shed | Let (tears or blood) flow, or let (leaves, hair, or skin) fall off naturally. |
| slide | slid | slid | Move along a smooth surface while maintaining continuous contact with it. |
| smite | smote | smitten | Strike with a firm blow. |
| sow | sowed | sown | plant (seed) by scattering it on or in the earth. |
| speed | sped | sped | Move quickly. |
| spin | spun | spun | Turn or cause to turn or whirl around quickly. |
| stink | stank | stunk | Have a strong unpleasant smell. |
| strew | strewed | strewn | Scatter or spread (things) untidily over a surface or area. |
| stride | strode | stridden | Walk with long, decisive steps in a specified direction. |
| strip | stripped | stripped | Remove all coverings from. |
| sweep | swept | swept | Clean (an area) by brushing away dirt or litter. |
| swing | swung | swung | Move or cause to move back and forth or from side to side while suspended or on an axis. |
| thrive | throve | thriven | (Of a child, animal, or plant) grow or develop well or vigorously. |
| undergo | underwent | undergone | Experience or be subjected to (something, typically something unpleasant, painful, or arduous). |
| undertake | undertook | undertaken | Commit oneself to and begin (an enterprise or responsibility); take on. |
| weave | wove | woven | Form (fabric or a fabric item) by interlacing long threads passing in one direction with others at a right angle to them. |
| wed | wed | wed | Get married to. |
| withdraw | withdrew | withdrawn | Remove or take away (something) from a particular place or position. |
| wring | wrung | wrung | Squeeze and twist (something) to force liquid from it. |